Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
AVV60L | 2012.06-2015.07 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI (160 PS / 118 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
AVV60L | 2012.06-2018.06 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI (160 PS / 118 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GSV40L | 2006.03-2012.06 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (277 PS / 204 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSV60L | 2012.06-2018.06 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (277 PS / 204 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GRL11 | 2011.12-2016.08 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE D-4 (215 PS / 158 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
GRL11L | 2012.01-2015.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE EFI (208 PS / 153 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GRL11L | 2012.03-2015.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE EFI (215 PS / 158 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GRL10 | 2011.12-2015.10 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE D-4S (318 PS / 234 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
GRL10L | 2011.12-2015.10 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE EFI (310 PS / 228 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GRL15 | 2011.12-2015.10 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE D-4S (310 PS / 228 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
GRL15L | 2011.12-2015.10 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE EFI (317 PS / 233 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
GRL15L | 2012.01-2015.10 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE EFI (317 PS / 233 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GWL10 | 2012.03-2020.07 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFXE EFI (290 PS / 213 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
GWL10L | 2012.03-2018.09 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFXE EFI (290 PS / 213 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GSE30L | 2013.04-2015.08 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE D-4 (208 PS / 153 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSE35L | 2013.04-2015.08 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE D-4 (208 PS / 153 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
AVE30L | 2013.04-2020.09 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFSE D-4 (181 PS / 133 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GSE31L | 2013.04-2021.12 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE D-4S (318 PS / 234 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSE36L | 2013.04-2021.12 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE D-4S (310 PS / 228 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
USF40 | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
USF40 | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
USF40L | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF40L | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF40L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF40L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF41L | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF45 | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (381 PS / 280 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
USF45 | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (367 PS / 270 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
USF45L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF45L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF45L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF45L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF46L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (367 PS / 270 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF46L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
USF40L | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF41 | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
USF41 | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (381 PS / 280 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
USF41L | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF41L | 2006.08-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF41L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF41L | 2012.09-2021.12 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (388 PS / 285 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
USF45L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF46 | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
USF46 | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE D-4S (388 PS / 285 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
USF46L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (367 PS / 270 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF46L | 2008.09-2012.09 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF46L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
USF46L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 4.6L GASOLINE 1URFSE EFI (381 PS / 280 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
UVF45 | 2007.04-2012.09 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE D-4S (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
UVF45 | 2012.09-2017.08 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE D-4S (394 PS / 290 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
UVF46 | 2007.04-2012.09 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE D-4S (394 PS / 290 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
UVF46 | 2012.09-2017.08 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE D-4S (370 PS / 272 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
UVF46L | 2007.04-2012.09 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE EFI (394 PS / 290 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
UVF46L | 2012.09-2017.08 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE EFI (394 PS / 290 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
UVF46L | 2012.09-2018.07 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URFSE EFI (394 PS / 290 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
USC10L | 2014.09-2021.12 | 5.0L GASOLINE 2URGSE D-4S (477 PS / 351 kW) Rear-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GSV40L | 2006.01-2011.09 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (277 PS / 204 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ACV40 | 2006.01-2011.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (167 PS / 123 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
ACV40L | 2006.01-2009.01 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (158 PS / 116 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ACV40L | 2006.01-2011.09 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (167 PS / 123 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ACV40L | 2006.02-2009.03 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (158 PS / 116 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ACV45 | 2006.01-2011.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (167 PS / 123 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
ACV51L.RUS | 2012.08-2014.11 | 2.0L GASOLINE 1AZFE EFI (148 PS / 109 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
AHV40L | 2006.03-2011.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFXE EFI (147 PS / 108 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
AHV40L | 2006.10-2011.09 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFXE EFI (147 PS / 108 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASV40L | 2009.01-2011.08 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (179 PS / 132 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASV40L | 2009.03-2011.09 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (179 PS / 132 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASV50L.EUR | 2011.08-2018.03 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (181 PS / 133 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASV50L.RUS | 2011.08-2018.03 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (181 PS / 133 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASV51L.RUS | 2015.03-2018.03 | 2.0L GASOLINE 6ARFSE D-4S (150 PS / 110 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
AVV50 | 2011.08-2017.04 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
AVV50L.EUR | 2011.08-2017.04 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI (160 PS / 118 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSV40L | 2006.01-2011.08 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (268 PS / 197 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSV40L | 2006.02-2011.09 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (268 PS / 197 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSV50L.EUR | 2011.08-2017.04 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (277 PS / 204 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSV50L.RUS | 2011.08-2018.03 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (249 PS / 183 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
AVU65W | 2014.01-2020.05 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI (152 PS / 112 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
ZSU60W | 2013.12-2020.05 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
ZSU65W | 2013.12-2020.05 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
GRX130 | 2009.10-2019.12 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE D-4 Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
GRX133 | 2009.10-2019.12 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFSE D-4 Rear-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
GRX135 | 2009.10-2019.12 | 2.5L GASOLINE 4GRFSE D-4 Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
ZRR80W | 2014.01-2021.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
ZRR85W | 2014.01-2021.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
ZWR80W | 2014.02-2021.12 | 1.8L GASOLINE 2ZRFXE EFI (99 PS / 73 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
ACA30L | 2005.11-2012.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 1AZFE EFI (152 PS / 112 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ACA31L | 2007.01-2008.12 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ACA31W | 2005.11-2016.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
ACA33L | 2005.11-2008.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (166 PS / 122 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
ACA33L | 2005.11-2008.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
ACA33L | 2005.11-2012.12 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive GEN |
ACA33L | 2005.11-2012.12 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive GCC |
ACA33L | 2008.12-2012.12 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ACA36W | 2005.11-2016.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
ACA38L | 2005.11-2008.08 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (166 PS / 122 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ACA38L | 2005.11-2012.12 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive GEN |
ACA38L | 2010.03-2012.12 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive GCC |
ALA30L | 2005.11-2012.12 | 2.2L DIESEL 2ADFHV (177 PS / 130 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ALA30L | 2005.11-2012.12 | 2.2L DIESEL 2ADFTV (150 PS / 110 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ALA35L | 2009.08-2012.12 | 2.2L DIESEL 2ADFTV (136 PS / 100 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive EUR |
ALA40L | 2012.12-2015.10 | 2.0L DIESEL 1ADFTV (124 PS / 91 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive EUR |
ALA49L | 2012.12-2015.10 | 2.2L DIESEL 2ADFHV (177 PS / 130 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ALA49L | 2012.12-2015.10 | 2.2L DIESEL 2ADFTV (150 PS / 110 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ALA49L. RUS | 2015.10-2019.09 | 2.2L DIESEL 2ADFHV (150 PS / 110 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
ASA33L | 2008.11-2013.01 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (179 PS / 132 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
ASA38L | 2008.08-2012.12 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (179 PS / 132 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASA38L | 2008.11-2013.01 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (179 PS / 132 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASA38L | 2009.04-2013.01 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (179 PS / 132 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASA42L | 2012.12-2018.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (180 PS / 132 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASA42L | 2013.01-2018.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (176 PS / 129 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ASA44L | 2012.12-2018.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (180 PS / 132 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
ASA44L | 2013.01-2018.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (176 PS / 129 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
ASA44L. RUS | 2015.10-2019.09 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFE EFI (180 PS / 132 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
AVA42L. RUS | 2015.10-2017.07 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI (152 PS / 112 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
AVA44L. RUS | 2015.10-2018.10 | 2.5L GASOLINE 2ARFXE EFI (152 PS / 112 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
GSA33L | 2006.01-2012.12 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (269 PS / 198 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
GSA33L | 2008.11-2013.01 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (269 PS / 198 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
GSA38L | 2006.01-2012.12 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (269 PS / 198 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSA38L | 2008.11-2013.01 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (269 PS / 198 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
GSA38L | 2009.04-2013.01 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (269 PS / 198 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ZSA30L | 2008.12-2012.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (158 PS / 116 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ZSA35L | 2008.12-2012.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (158 PS / 116 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive EUR |
ZSA42L. RUS | 2015.10-2019.09 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFE EFI (146 PS / 108 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive |
ZSA44L | 2012.12-2018.10 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive EUR |
ZSA44L. RUS | 2015.10-2019.09 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFE EFI (146 PS / 108 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Left Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
QEA38L | 2012.04-2014.08 | ELECTRICAL ELECTRIC ENGINE (154 PS / 113 kW) Front-wheel drive. Left Hand Drive ELECTRIC CAR |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
ACA33W | 2007.08-2013.11 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
ACA38W | 2008.08-2013.11 | 2.4L GASOLINE 2AZFE EFI (170 PS / 125 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
GSA33W | 2007.08-2012.12 | 3.5L GASOLINE 2GRFE EFI (280 PS / 206 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
Body/Volume | Installation period | Car configuration |
---|---|---|
ZRR80W | 2014.01-2021.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
ZRR85W | 2014.01-2021.12 | 2.0L GASOLINE 3ZRFAE EFI (151 PS / 111 kW) Four-wheel drive (4WD). Right Hand Drive |
ZWR80W | 2014.02-2021.12 | 1.8L GASOLINE 2ZRFXE EFI (99 PS / 73 kW) Front-wheel drive. Right Hand Drive |
Masuma is one of the world leaders in production of clips for Japanese cars. A car clip is a plastic part, designed for fastening the exterior & interior trim of a car. Our brand has a wide range of clips for fastening almost any part of the car exterior & interior trim. These clips are remarkable for their high strength and durability.
Masuma is a world brand for spare parts, accessories and consumable items for cars. The main brand field is consumables for post-warranty service of the Japanese cars. The company strategy is offering the customers the best reliability and price balance for parts. All the products are produced at dozens of plants, located in East Asia, by the order, technologies and under control of the head company, which is Masuma Auto Spare Parts Co., LTD (Tokyo, Japan).